What are contraindications or cautions for raloxifene?

• A. History of venous thromboembolism, active pregnancy.
• B. Hypercalcemia.
• C. Osteoarthritis.
• D. History of osteoporosis only.

Answer: (A)

Raloxifene carries a significant risk of venous thromboembolism, and it is harmful in pregnancy. Its estrogen-like effects on clotting factors can raise the chance of developing DVT or PE, so a history of venous thromboembolism or active pregnancy are clear contraindications or cautions. In pregnancy, the drug can pose fetal risks, so it must be avoided.

Hypercalcemia, osteoarthritis, or having osteoporosis history alone do not by themselves contraindicate raloxifene. Hypercalcemia isn’t a typical contraindication for this medication, and osteoarthritis or a prior osteoporosis history doesn’t preclude its use when VTE risk and pregnancy status aren’t present.