Which statement about calcium and vitamin D intake is correct for osteoporosis prevention and treatment?

• A. Vitamin D alone is sufficient
• B. Adequate calcium and vitamin D intake is recommended
• C. Calcium has no role
• D. Sunlight exposure replaces need for calcium and vitamin D

Answer: (B)

Calcium and vitamin D work together to keep bones strong. Calcium provides the mineral needed for bone building, while vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium from the gut and supports proper bone remodeling. In osteoporosis prevention and treatment, both nutrients are important, because having enough calcium without adequate vitamin D impairs absorption, and enough vitamin D alone can’t build bone without sufficient calcium. Sunlight can help the body make vitamin D, but it doesn’t supply calcium and isn’t a guaranteed source of sufficient vitamin D for everyone, so it can’t replace the need for dietary calcium and vitamin D. That’s why the best approach is ensuring adequate intake of both nutrients.